• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    device for dispensing a dental material a dispensing device comprises a housing for receiving a dental material, a piston for extruding material from the housing, and a spindle drive for moving the piston and housing relative to one another. the spindle drive comprises a spindle and a linkage which are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other, the spindle and linkage being operable relative to each other between an engaged position in which the linkage and spindle are engaged with each other , and a disengaged position in which the spindle and linkage are disengaged from each other. the device can be relatively strong and inexpensive to manufacture and can facilitate the preparation of dental materials for use.
    公开号:BR112012004219B1
    申请号:R112012004219-0
    申请日:2010-08-25
    公开日:2021-08-17
    发明作者:Jens Gramann
    申请人:3M Innovative Properties Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present invention relates to a device for dispensing a dental material. In particular, the present invention relates to a device having a spindle drive for moving a piston and a material compartment with respect to each other. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] In dentistry, a variety of devices are available that allow the preparation and/or application of dental materials in a dental clinic. In particular, for the preparation of materials that are typically used in larger quantities, such as, for example, dental impression materials, devices have been developed that provide for automatic dispensing from packages and/or mixing of such materials. An exemplary device for mixing and dispensing a dental impression material is, for example, available under the designation 3M™ ESPE™ Pentamix™ available from 3M ESPE AG, Germany. Typically, such a device causes two components of material to be simultaneously supplied from a package through a mixer, where they are mixed. Devices often provide continuous extrusion of components through a mixer, where components are mixed as components flow through the mixer, and released from an outlet.
    [003] Devices typically still have a motor-driven piston for extrusion of material from a container. Some motor-drive devices implement drive concepts to provide piston drive in different embodiments. For example, in a first embodiment, the material can be dispensed by the slow movement of the piston under high forces and, in a second embodiment, the pistons can be moved quickly to enable quick service operations, such as changing or cleaning the material, for example .
    [004] For example, US 5,286,105 A presents a device for mixing and dispensing two-component materials. The device has two pistons that can be advanced into cartridges by an electric motor via a magnetic clutch. When the engine is switched off and the clutch is disengaged, the pistons can be manually retracted and again advanced by a handwheel relatively quickly, for example, to change cartridges in the device.
    [005] Additionally, US 6,168,052 B1 presents an electrically driven dispensing device that acts through drive screws in abutment plates for dispensing material from cartridges. The drive screws are axially stationary and act on the thrust plates. The electric drive comprises a first gear motor for driving under high load during forward and relief, and a second motor for driving under lower load during retract and fast forward movements. During advance and relief, the drive screws are coupled to the first gear motor by a coupling, and during retraction and fast-forward movements, the drive screws are uncoupled from the first gear motor, but driven by the second gear motor .
    [006] Although available mixing and dispensing devices provide certain advantages, there is still a need for a relatively inexpensive device that is relatively conveniently operable. Additionally, a desirable dispensing device is preferably relatively reliable and compact in terms of industrial design. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [007] The present invention relates to a device for dispensing a dental material. The device comprises at least one compartment for receiving dental material, at least one piston for extrusion of dental material from the compartment and a spindle drive for moving the piston and the compartment with respect to each other. The spindle drive comprises a spindle and a linkage which are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other, the spindle and linkage being operable relative to each other between an engaged position where the linkage and spindle are engaged with each other and a disengaged position in which the spindle and linkage are disengaged from each other.
    [008] The invention, preferably, causes the piston to be displaced under relatively high forces through the drive of the spindle to dispense the material when the linkage and the spindle are in the engaged position. Additionally, the device preferably causes the linkage and spindle to be disengaged to enable rapid retraction and repositioning of the piston. The invention may be advantageous as it may allow for a relatively unsophisticated industrial design of the device. In particular, the device may not require a gearbox, or it may only have a relatively simple gearbox to transform a circular motion of a motor into a linear displacement of the piston. The invention may also be advantageous as it allows for similar industrial designs for different devices that provide different forces and/or speeds for piston movement. Additionally, the invention can also allow for the provision of different mixing ratios with similarly designed devices.
    [009] Thus, the invention can provide an industrial design of the device that is relatively flexible to adapt to different applications. Therefore, manufacturing costs can also be reduced. The invention can also be advantageous as it can provide devices that are relatively reliable and durable.
    [010] In one embodiment, the linkage and the spindle in the engaged position are rotatable with respect to each other about an axis of rotation, and adapted so that a rotation causes the spindle and linkage to move with respect to each other along the axis of rotation, or axially to the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation, for example, can correspond to a longitudinal axis of the spindle or can be generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spindle. The displacement between the spindle and the linkage preferably provides a displacement between the piston and the housing for extrusion of dental material. Thus, driving the spindle in the engaged position can be used to advance the piston for dispensing material from the compartment.
    [011] In another embodiment, the piston is mechanically connected with the spindle or linkage. Thus, the displacement between the spindle and the linkage preferably substantially corresponds to the displacement between the piston and the housing. Therefore, no additional speed transformation can be needed between the spindle drive and the piston.
    [012] In one embodiment, the spindle is threaded and the linkage has an engagement structure for engaging the thread of the spindle. The engagement structure can be a thread or at least a partial thread. Other structures suitable for positive engagement of the spindle thread may be used, as appropriate, such as one or more pins.
    [013] In another embodiment, the link comprises a nut that carries the coupling structure. The nut and spindle are preferably movable relative to each other in a direction generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation (or generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spindle) to operate the spindle and linkage in the direction to the engaged position or to the disengaged position. Thus, the linkage and spindle can be engaged and disengaged by moving relative to each other in a direction, generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Therefore, the spindle and the linkage can be axially displaceable with respect to one another for displacement of the piston and, additionally, the nut and the spindle can be laterally movable with respect to each other for engagement and disengagement of the linkage and the spindle.
    [014] The hitch structure is preferably arranged in a section of the nut that only partially surrounds the spindle. Therefore, the spindle and nut can be joined for engagement and separated for disengagement from each other.
    [015] In another embodiment, the relative movement between the spindle and the nut is provided by the nut that is pivotal with respect to the spindle on a pivot axis. The pivot axis preferably extends generally transversely to the axis of rotation. Thus, the nut and the link are preferably not only movable about the axis of rotation with respect to each other, but also in a transverse direction thereof. The person skilled in the art recognizes that a transverse direction may include directions that are inclined to some extent relative to a normal inclination about the axis of rotation without departing from the scope of the invention.
    [016] In one embodiment, the nut is further adapted so that the hitch frame is radially offset from the pivot axis. The nut is additionally preferably adapted and arranged so that the engagement structure moves generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the spindle during operation of the spindle and nut from the engaged position to the disengaged position. Therefore, the direction of relative movement between the spindle and nut during engagement and disengagement can have a lateral component perpendicular to the axis of rotation and an additional smaller axial component in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation. Thus, smooth engagement and disengagement movements can be achieved. The hitch structure can also be omitted in areas where the axial component would dominate over the lateral component. In this way, it can be avoided that the engagement structure and the spindle thread intertwine and impede the articulation of the nut. In one example, the nut, in the engaged position, has a first end adjacent to the position of the pivot shaft and an opposite second end radially spaced from the pivot shaft in one direction along the axis of rotation. Therefore, the pivot axis may be closer to the first end than the second end. The hook structure is preferably disposed adjacent to the second end and omitted or reduced adjacent to the first end.
    [017] In another embodiment, the pivot axis is arranged outside an outer perimeter or outside the effective diameter of the spindle thread. The hitch frame can be arranged at a radius from the pivot axis, with the radius being greater than the distance between the pivot axis and the outer perimeter or outside the effective diameter of the spindle thread. Such an arrangement may cause the nut to be urged towards the engaged position by forces resulting from dispensing the material.
    [018] Therefore, a self-locking effect can be provided that keeps the linkage and spindle engaged even when loaded by relatively high forces. Thus, a relative reliable operation of the device can be obtained.
    [019] In one embodiment, the spindle and nut are driven in the engaged position or in the disengaged position by load exerted on the spring. Therefore, the nut can be biased towards a standard position by a spring and can be operable towards an alternative position against a load exerted on the spring. For example, in one embodiment, the nut is driven toward the engaged position by default. When the device is used to dispense material, the self-locking effect can additionally create a support that keeps the linkage and spindle engaged, so that material can be reliably dispensed from the device. In this example, the nut may be operable towards the disengaged position for rapid piston movement, for example, by a user.
    [020] In another embodiment, the nut is connected to an actuator. The actuator preferably allows movement of the nut towards the disengaged position against a load exerted on the spring. Therefore, the linkage and spindle again engage, preferably when, for example, a user releases the actuator. Thus, the device can, by default, be prepared to dispense material, but it can be temporarily operated for quick positioning of the piston.
    [021] In another embodiment, the device has a cam that is operable to hold or lock the nut in the engaged position against the load exerted on the spring and to release the nut so that it can move toward the load-disengaged position exerted on the spring. In this embodiment, the cam can keep or lock the linkage and spindle engaged with each other when the device is used for dispensing material. The device can be adapted to cause the cam to automatically release the nut when dispensing is stopped, so that the linkage and spindle automatically disengage. This can result in increased pressure in the relief compartment upon dispensing interruption. Thus, post-flow of material can be avoided.
    [022] In another embodiment, the nut is oriented during a parallel movement in a direction, generally lateral to the axis of rotation of the spindle. Such guidance at least in the engaged position of the nut and the spindle is preferably provided in a guide direction which lies between a parallel direction and a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the spindle (the guide direction, therefore, is , preferably not parallel and not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the spindle). Additionally, the guiding direction is preferably oriented generally parallel to a flank angle of the spindle thread. The flank angle, for the purpose of this descriptive report, is defined between the axis of rotation and a surface of the flank of the thread in a plane aligned with the axis of rotation. The flank angle can, for example, be within a range of about 70 to about 85 degrees, and preferably about 85 degrees.
    [023] In another embodiment, the steering direction may be less than the flank angle. In this embodiment, then, operating the spindle in a travel direction preferably causes the nut to be driven towards the spindle. Thus, a self-maintained engagement of the nut and the spindle in a direction of displacement of the nut and the spindle relative to each other can be provided.
    [024] In another embodiment, the linkage and the nut are oriented in the guide direction by at least one of a linear guide, and a parallelogram guide. The linear guide can comprise a bearing guide, and the parallelogram guide can comprise at least one lever that connects the linkage and the nut in a hinged manner.
    [025] In one embodiment, the link comprises a gap detector to align the threads of the spindle and nut with respect to each other. The gap detector is preferably adapted to resiliently occupy the gap between flanks, for example between opposite sides of two adjacent flanks, of the spindle thread. This can help preposition the spindle and linkage, when disengaged, relative to each other, and allow for smooth engagement of the linkage and spindle when prepositioned.
    [026] In one embodiment, the device may have at least one piston carrying the piston. In one embodiment, the spindle is axially movable in the device, and the link is axially fixed with respect to the device. Therefore, the spindle can form at least a part of the piston.
    [027] In another embodiment, the spindle is axially stationary in the device, and the link is axially movable in the device. In this embodiment, the piston can be mechanically connected with the link, for example, via a piston.
    [028] In one embodiment, the device has two pistons, two compartments and two pistons. Such a device is preferably further adapted to mix the components received in the compartments to form the dental material. The device may further comprise two spindle drives, each comprising a spindle and a link. The two links can be rotatably interconnected so that the rotation of one causes the rotation of the other.
    [029] In one embodiment, the links each comprise a sprocket that are disengaged from one another, but each meshes with a gear wheel. Thus, the links are preferably rotatably interconnected for rotation in the same direction. The sprockets and spindle pitches are preferably selected so that the spindles move axially, generally synchronously, when the gear wheel drives the links. For example, sprockets can have the same number of teeth and spindles can have the same pitch. The person skilled in the art recognizes that a similar effect can be achieved by sprockets that have different amounts of teeth and spindles that have different pitches, but which, in combination, compensate for providing a synchronized displacement. Additionally, the skilled person recognizes that, according to an inverse principle, each spindle may have a sprocket that meshes with a gear wheel to pivotally interconnect the spindles. In this embodiment, the sprockets and pitches of the spindles can similarly be selected so as to cause a synchronized displacement of the links parallel to the axis of rotation of the spindles. The components of the dental material, therefore, can, in general, be advanced synchronously, and the mixing ratio of the components can be predetermined by the cross-section of the compartments. Compartments therefore can generally empty synchronously so that components can always be replaced in one appliance. This can reduce the time to replace individual compartments.
    [030] Despite this, the device can still be adapted to advance the components in an unsynchronized way. This can allow the components to be mixed at a mixing ratio that is independent of the cross section of the compartment. Therefore, such a device may allow the mixing of materials at a rate defined by the device and not at a rate predetermined by the cross-section of the compartment. Consequently, the device can be adapted for retrofit with spindle drives that provide the unsynchronized advancement of components at certain different ratios.
    [031] In one embodiment, the device has an electric motor to drive the spindle drive(s). The motor can be an electric DC motor, for example, or any other suitable motor. The device may further have a handwheel which is adapted to drive or move the piston when the spindle drive is in the disengaged position. For example, the handwheel can be connected to a chain, belt, or rod that converts the rotation of the handwheel into a displacement of the piston. Thus, a quick manual movement of the piston can be enabled. In the engaged position of the spindle drive, the handwheel can be driven through the spindle drive. This can indicate to a user that the material is advanced on the device. The piston is typically locked against manual displacement by the handwheel when the spindle drive is in the engaged position. Therefore, unintended operation of the handwheel during dispensing may not adversely affect dispensing and thus an additional coupling to decouple the handwheel from the spindle drive can be saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [032] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device for mixing and dispensing a dental material;
    [033] Figures 2a and 2b are schematic views of a device in different operational stages, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [034] Figures 3a and 3b are cross-sectional views of a spindle drive in different operational stages, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [035] Figure 4 is a front view of a link for cooperating with a spindle, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [036] Figure 5 is a front view of an additional link for cooperating with a spindle, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [037] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle drive, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 5;
    [038] Figure 7 is a perspective view of an assembly comprising two spindle drives, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [039] Figure 8 is a further perspective view of an assembly comprising two spindle drives, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [040] Figure 9 is a perspective view of an assembly comprising two spindle drives, according to a further embodiment of the invention;
    [041] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a link for cooperating with a spindle, according to a further embodiment of the invention;
    [042] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a gap detector, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [043] Figure 12 is a perspective view of a spindle drive, according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [044] Figures 13a and 13b are schematic views illustrating the functions of driving the spindle of figure 12;
    [045] Figure 14 is a perspective view of a spindle drive, according to another embodiment of the invention.
    [046] Figure 15 is a perspective view of a spindle drive, according to another embodiment of the invention;
    [047] Figure 16 is a perspective view of a spindle drive, according to yet another embodiment of the invention; and
    [048] Figure 17 is a perspective view of an additional spindle drive, according to an embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [049] Figure 1 shows a device (100) for dispensing dental materials. The device (100) comprises a receptacle (101) for receiving material, preferably in the form of two separate components, and a mixer (102) for mixing the components. The material components are preferably contained in separate compartments (not shown) from which the components can be extruded into the blender. The mixer (102) is connected with the compartments, so that the individual components can be advanced to a mixing chamber of the mixer, where the components can be mixed, for example, with the help of a rotating mixing rotor. The mixture can exit through an outlet (103) of the mixer (120). The device shown can be used to mix and dispense a hardenable dental impression material, for example. The mixed dental impression material can, for example, be used to fill a dental tray which is then placed in a patient's mouth to obtain a dental impression. The mixer (102) of the device shown is replaceably attached to the device (100). Therefore, when the mixed material hardens and thus blocks the mixer, the used mixer can be replaced with an unused mixer for the next use of the device. A similar device is available under the designation 3M™ ESPE™ Pentamix™ available from 3M ESPE AG, Germany.
    [050] Figures 2a and 2b show a device (1) of the invention with more details. The device (1) has a housing (2) which has a receptacle (3) in which a first compartment (4) and a second compartment (5) are received. Figure 2a shows the device (1) in an initial position, for example when the compartments are still substantially full of material components, and figure 2b shows the device (1) in a different operational stage, for example when a part of the compartments is extruded from the compartments.
    [051] A mixer (6) is received at the outputs of compartments (4 and 5). The compartments (4 and 5) are replaceable in the device, thus allowing, for example, the use of different types of materials in the same device, or the exchange of empty compartments for full ones. In the example shown, the mixer (6) is attached to the compartments (4 and 5), so that the mixer (6) and the compartments (4 and 5) form a unit that can be replaced in one. Additionally, the mixer can be replaced in the compartments so that an unused mixer can be used for each new use of the device. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the mixer may not necessarily form a unit with the compartments, but may, for example, remain in the device when the compartment is removed and may be connectable to new compartments inserted into the device.
    [052] The device (1) additionally has a piston assembly (7) which, in the example, is arranged in the housing (2). Therefore, the plunger assembly can be protected from environmental substances such as disinfectants or dirt. The piston assembly (7) comprises a first spindle drive (8) and a second spindle drive (9). The first and second spindle drives (8 and 9) each have a first spindle (10) and a second spindle (11), as well as a first link (12) and a second link (13), respectively. . In the example shown, the spindles (10 and 11) are axially movable. In particular, the spindles (10 and 11) are axially driveable by rotation of the links (12 and 13). The links (12 and 13), in the example, are axially fixed to the device. Therefore, links are rotatable but axially fixed, and spindles are axially movable but rotatably fixed (or protected against rotation). In a preferred embodiment, each of the spindles (10 and 11) is threaded and the corresponding links (12 and 13) have a nut (not shown in detail in this figure), each of which has a suitable hook structure. A suitable engagement structure may, for example, comprise one or more pins, or at least part of a thread, for engaging the spindle. Thus, each of the links can cause the corresponding spindle to move axially when the link is rotated in cooperation with the spindle.
    [053] In the example, the spindles (10 and 11) form at least a part of the pistons that, at their front end, carry the pistons (14 and 15). Therefore, the pistons (14 and 15) can be advanced by the spindles in axial movement for extrusion of the material components. The device of the embodiment shown is preferably adapted so that the spindles are generally advanced simultaneously. Therefore, the spindles can be connected at their rear ends by a connecting bar (16). The tie bar can help guide the spindles generally parallel to each other. An electric motor (17) is arranged in the device to drive the spindles through the links (12 and 13) and, furthermore, optionally a mixer shaft (not shown) to drive the mixing rotor in the mixer.
    [054] A more detailed description of the spindle and mixer shaft drive mechanism is provided later.
    [055] Figures 3a and 3b are cross-sectional views showing a spindle drive (30) according to an embodiment of the invention in different operational stages. Additionally, a compartment (40) is shown, in which a piston (41) is movably arranged for dispensing material from the compartment (40). The spindle drive (30) has a threaded spindle (31) which cooperates with a link (32). The spindle (31) and the link (32) are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other. In particular, the link (32) has a threaded nut (33) which is movable relative to the spindle between a position in which the nut (33) and the spindle (31) are engaged with each other (figure 3a) and a position wherein the nut (33) and the spindle (31) are disengaged from each other (figure 3b).
    [056] In the engaged position shown in figure 3a, the spindle drive can be used to advance the piston for material extrusion. In the example, link (32) can be rotated to advance spindle (31) forward toward housing (40). The spindle drive is preferably adapted to transmit relatively high forces during piston advancement. For example, the thread pitch can be selected so that the spindle moves relatively slowly, although the link is driven at a relatively high speed. Therefore, the spindle drive preferably increases the forces provided by a drive to drive the spindle drive to greater forces to advance the piston.
    [057] In figure 3b, the nut (33) is shown in the disengaged position. In this position, the linkage and the spindle are freely movable relative to each other in an axial direction of the spindle, for example, without relative rotation between the linkage (32) and the spindle (31). Thus, the disengaged position allows free displacement of the piston. For example, in the disengaged position, a user can quickly retract the housing piston to exchange the housing for a new one. Additionally, the user can quickly reposition the piston towards the new compartments, so that substantially and instantly after switching to the engaged position, new material can be dispensed.
    [058] In the disengaged position, the piston can be actuated manually or by a positioning mechanism. Therefore, the device of the invention in the engaged position of the spindle drive can make the piston driveable under relatively high forces and under relatively low speed.
    [059] Additionally, the device of the invention in the disengaged position of the spindle drive can cause the piston to be driveable under relatively high speed so that relatively low forces can be involved.
    [060] The embodiment shown in figures 3a and 3b can, in general, be used in combination with other embodiments described in this descriptive report and, therefore, is described in more detail below. The nut (33) is hingedly connected to the link (32). The pivot axis (P) is generally oriented transverse to the axial direction of the spindle (almost perpendicular to the plane of the figure). Therefore, the threads of the spindle (31) and the nut (33) can be brought into engagement or disengagement with each other by the articulation of the thread (33) on the pivot shaft (P). Thus, the spindle and the linkage are operable relative to each other between an engaged position where the linkage and the spindle are engaged with each other, and an disengaged position where the spindle and the linkage are disengaged from each other.
    [061] The threaded spindle (31) is characterized by an outer thread diameter (D1), and an effective diameter (D2). The effective diameter of the spindle preferably corresponds approximately to the mean diameter between a smaller diameter of the thread and the outer diameter of the thread. The effective diameter (D2) of a thread is typically used to define a theoretical force application line for axial forces that can be transmitted between the thread and a suitable complementary co-operative thread. In the example, the pivot axis (P) is arranged outside the outside diameter of the thread (D1) of the spindle, and in particular outside the effective diameter (D2) of the spindle. Therefore, an axial force acting between the spindle and the nut also causes a torque that drives the nut to move about the pivot shaft. In the example, the nut (33) is further adapted so that the torque, when the nut drives the spindle in a forward direction (in a direction towards the housing (40)), drives the nut towards the engaged position, but, when the nut drives the spindle in an opposite rear direction (in a direction away from the housing (40)), it drives the nut towards the disengaged position. As the torque extension depends on the axial force transmitted, a greater axial force will also cause the nut to be driven more extensively towards one of the positions, engaged or disengaged. Thus, a self-locking function can be provided that keeps the nut engaged with the spindle during the forward movement of the spindle even when the spindle drive is used to transmit high forces. Additionally, in this regard, an auto-locking function can be provided which allows automatic disengagement of the spindle nut by reversing the spindle travel direction to a rearward direction.
    [062] In the embodiment shown, the pivot axis is spaced radially from the effective diameter by a distance X from the effective diameter of the thread (D2). Additionally, the engagement structure (34) of the nut (in the example shown a partial thread) is radially offset by a distance Y from the pivot axis. To determine the distance Y of the hitch frame, the center of the frame in relation to its axial extension when engaged with the spindle is preferably used. Thus, a lever action can be implemented that transforms an axial force (F1) transmitted during the axial displacement of the spindle and nut relative to each other into a radial force (F2), which drives the nut radially towards or towards away from the spindle. Thus, the ratio between F2 and F1 corresponds to the ratio between X and Y, respectively (F2:F1 = X:Y). Preferably Y is greater than X.
    [063] Figure 4 is a front view of the link (32) shown in Figures 3a and 3b with the nut (33) shown in the disengaged position. Additionally, the position of the pivot shaft (P) is indicated. The link (32) in the example is itself rotating (around a geometric axis generally perpendicular to the plane of the figure). The nut (33) is hingedly attached to the linkage so that a rotation of the linkage also causes a rotation of the nut. The person skilled in the art is aware of other solutions in which the nut is actionable and swivel in relation to the linkage, or in which the linkage has swiveling and non-rotating components. In the example, the linkage has a ring gear (35) that causes the linkage and thus the nut to be actuated. Also in this sense, the person skilled in the art recognizes that structures other than a gear can similarly be used, such as a sprocket, a belt pulley, a friction gear or any other suitable structure that allows the drive of the linkage and/or the nut.
    [064] Figure 5 is a front view of a link (32') according to a further embodiment of the invention. The link (32') generally corresponds to the link (32) shown in Figure 4, but, in this example, it has two nuts (33a and 33b), which are shown in the disengaged position. The two nuts (33a and 33b) are threadable and can together fully or generally fully surround the spindle (not shown) when combined in the closed position. Thus, the transmittable force by the link can be increased in relation to a link that has only one nut.
    [065] Figure 6 illustrates the link (32') in combination with a spindle (31'). The embodiment shown generally corresponds to the embodiments shown in Figures 3a and 3b, but differs in that the link (32') has two nuts (33a and 33b) instead of one nut.
    [066] It is clear to the person skilled in the art that only one or both nuts can be threaded for cooperation with the spindle. Additionally, more than two nuts can be used, all or part of which can be threaded.
    [067] Figure 7 shows an assembly (50) comprising the spindle drive (30) and a second similar spindle drive (30'). The links (32 and 32') are arranged on a support (51) that can be fixedly mounted to the device. Therefore, the links (32 and 32’), when rotated, cause the spindles (31, 31’) to move axially. The spindles (31 and 31’), in the example, form pistons that carry the pistons (41 and 41’). In the example shown, the spindles (31 and 31') have similar pitches, so that a synchronized rotation of the links causes the spindles to move generally synchronously. Thus, the pistons (41 and 41’) are generally advanced synchronously. In this embodiment, a desired mixing ratio of the components can be predetermined by the cross sections of corresponding compartments. For example, a mix ratio that is different from 1:1 can be achieved by different cross sections of the compartments.
    [068] In another embodiment, the spindles can have different pitches that can allow the unsynchronized displacement of the spindles and, therefore, to obtain mixing ratios different from 1:1 with compartments that, in general, have equal cross sections. This can, for example, be advantageous because the compartments can be manufactured in a uniform size and thus the number of variants during manufacture can be reduced. In another embodiment, the links can be rotated at different speeds to achieve a similar function. Therefore, the same device can be used to dispense material components at different mixing ratios in different operating modes, for example, with the operating modes being user selectable. A further embodiment comprises a combination of different steps and different rotation speeds.
    [069] Figure 8 shows the assembly (50) from a different perspective. The assembly (50) has a drive wheel (52) that connects the sprocket (35) of the link (32) and the sprocket (35') of the link (32'). Therefore, the links (32 and 32’) are connected for a rotation in the same direction. Other solutions are possible for a similar connection, such as connecting the links via a chain or a gear belt. The drive wheel (52) has a center portion (53) which is adapted to engage with a mixer shaft (not shown) to drive a mixer.
    [070] The numbers of teeth on the sprocket and sprockets (35 and 35'), as well as the pitch dimensions of the spindles (31 and 31'), are selected to provide, in combination, a certain desired relationship between the rotation speed of the mixer shaft and the displacement speed of the spindles (31 and 31') / pistons (41, 41'). The rotational speed of the drive shaft can, for example, correspond to a designated rotational speed of a standard motor. This can make a separate gearbox for speed adaptation between motor and mixer shaft unnecessary. This rotational speed is then preferably transformed into a suitable displacement speed for extrusion of the material components from the compartments. Thus, the same motor can be used to drive the mixer shaft and pistons, and a separate motor or an additional gearbox can be spared.
    [071] Figure 9 shows a spindle drive (60), which has a link (62) cooperating with a spindle (61). The figure shows a situation where the link and spindle are in an engaged position. In particular, the link (62) has a nut (63) that is pivotable so that it is operable to engage or disengage with the spindle. The embodiment shown in Figure 9 is similar to the embodiment shown in Figures 3a and 3b, but still has a spring (66) which, by default, drives the nut towards the engaged position. Therefore, when used in a dispensing device, the spindle drive can normally be in the engaged position, so that material can be dispensed from the device just by turning on the device's motor. The nut can be mechanically connected to an actuator (not shown), which causes the linkage to be disengaged from the spindle against elastic force exerted on the spring. Therefore, a user can operate the actuator to disengage the linkage and spindle from each other for rapid displacement of the piston from the compartments or towards the compartments. Such an arrangement can be advantageous, as it can produce relatively high forces to dispense the material, since the elastic force exerted on the spring can maintain the spindle drive self-locking function. In an alternative embodiment, the spring, by default, drives the spring toward the disengaged position. The operation of the actuator, in this embodiment, can place the linkage and spindle into engagement position with each other and, preferably, can also cause the motor to be started. To stop dispensing, the actuator can be released or operated again, which preferably causes the motor to shut down and the linkage and spindle to disengage from each other. Thus, the pistons are preferably released as the device is stopped so that the pressure build-up between the pistons and the dispensing compartments can alleviate. This can be advantageous because unwanted post-flow of materials when dispensing is stopped can thus be avoided.
    [072] Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of a spindle drive (70) that has a spindle (71) and a link (72). The link (72) has a nut (73) that is pivotally connected with the link (72) about a pivot shaft (P’). The linkage is rotatable about the spindle axis, but the nut is protected against rotation, in the example, by a pin (77) which is retained by a lever (78). Therefore, when the link (72) is rotated counterclockwise in the figure (see arrow), rotation of the nut is prevented and thus the nut is forced to travel off the spindle radially (indicated by the dotted lines). A device using this embodiment may have axially stationary rotating spindles that drive axially movable links. Such links can be mechanically connected with pistons to advance the material. The skilled person recognizes that this drive principle reverses the drive principle in which the links are axially stationary and rotated to shift the spindles, as described for other embodiments in this specification. Accordingly, the embodiment of figure 10 can be combined or alternatively used with other embodiments described herein. In particular, a spring to drive the nut or linkage towards the engaged or disengaged position, by default, can similarly be used for the realization of figure 10. Similar effects can be obtained by both driving principles, although certain advantages may prevail or exclusively exist in one principle over the other.
    [073] Figure 11 shows a spindle drive (80) that has a threaded spindle (81) and a link (82). A gap detector (88) is disposed on the link, which comprises a ball (87) that is resiliently biased towards the spindle (81). The ball (87) is preferably driven towards the spindle (81) in the disengaged position of the spindle drive. Therefore, the link and the spindle in the disengaged position can be freely movable relative to each other. The gap detector (88) can be adapted to occupy the gap between the spindle thread flanges as the linkage and the spindle are moved relative to one another and thus can indicate the preferred positions in which the linkage and the spindle can be engageable without substantial additional axial movement relative to one another. For example, a nut (not shown) that has a corresponding thread to engage with the spindle may, in the preferred positions indicated, smoothly engage with the spindle.
    [074] Figure 12 shows a spindle drive (90) that has a threaded spindle (91) and a link (92). The link (92) comprises a threaded nut (93). The spindle (91) and the link (92) are adapted so that they can be disengaged or engaged together by a relative movement of the spindle (91) and nut (93) laterally to an axis of rotation (R) of the spindle. Therefore, the nut (93) only partially surrounds the spindle (91), for example the nut (93) may comprise one or more threaded segments that surround at about 180° of the circumference of the spindle or less. In the example, the threaded nut (93) is oriented by a movement generally laterally to the axis of rotation (R) of the spindle (91) to control an engagement or disengagement with the spindle (91). Additionally, the nut (93) is preferably oriented by a parallel movement. This means that the nut (93) is oriented such that the angular orientation of the nut (93) is generally kept constant during a movement of the nut (93) relative to the spindle (91). In particular, the threaded nut (93) is guided by a movement in a guide dimension (G) which is generally parallel to an flank angle ("A" indicated in figure 13) of the thread. Flank angle is measured on a plane aligned with the axis of rotation. Additionally, the flank angle is measured in that plane between the axis of rotation and a surface of a thread flank. In the example, guidance in the guide dimension (G) is provided by a linear guide, for example a slide or bearing linear guide.
    [075] Figure 13a schematically shows the drive of the spindle (90) with the spindle (91), the linkage (92) and the nut (93). In the example, the spindle (91) can be actuated to move the nut (93) to the left in the figure. A corresponding force triangle indicating an axial force (FA), a radial force (FR) and a net force (F) is illustrated. In the case where the spindle drive (90) is operated to transmit an axial force (FA) between the spindle (91) and the nut (92), the radial force (FR) occurs due to the thread having a thread angle (A) which is different from 90° with respect to the rotation axis (R) of the spindle. The orientation of the nut (93) with respect to the spindle (91) is, however, such that the guide dimension (G) is oriented generally perpendicular to the net force (F). Thus, the resultant force (F) preferably cannot cause any force component in the guide dimension (G) so that thrust of the nut (93) in the guide dimension (G) is avoided. Therefore, if the drive of the spindle (90) is driven by a displacement in one direction of the spindle (91) and the nut (93) with respect to each other, an automatic disengagement of the spindle (91) and the nut (93) ( due to radial forces) is avoided.
    [076] Figure 13b illustrates the drive of the spindle (90) being driven in an opposite direction of displacement in relation to the direction shown in figure 13a. An axial force (FA’), a radial force (FR’) and a net force (F’) are indicated in the figure. A force component (FG) is induced in the guide dimension (G) so that the nut is driven in the guide dimension away from the spindle. Therefore, the nut (93) is caused to automatically disengage from the spindle in this direction of travel of the nut (93) and the spindle (91) with respect to each other. Thus, driving the spindle (90) can provide the transmission of relatively high forces in an axial direction and can provide automatic disengagement of the nut (93) and the spindle (91) in the opposite direction.
    [077] Figure 14 shows a spindle drive (90') that is similar to the spindle drive shown in figures 12 and 13, but which has two threaded spindles (91 and 91b) and a common link (92'). The spindles (91a and 91b) and the link (92') are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other. The linkage (92') further comprises a common nut (93') which has two threads for engaging the threads of the two spindles (91a and 91b). The skilled person recognizes that two separate threaded nuts can similarly be provided with the common linkage.
    [078] Figure 15 shows an alternative spindle drive (110). The spindle drive (110) has a threaded spindle (111) and a link (112). The link (112) comprises a threaded nut (113) which is movable laterally to an axis of rotation (R') of the spindle (111). The thread of the nut (113) is engageable and disengageable from the thread of the spindle (111) by this lateral movement. In the example, two nuts are present in the form of two half-sections, which are separable for disengaging from the spindle (111) and which can be joined to engage with the spindle (111). Although two or more nuts may be present in the example, the embodiment is further described only with reference to the nut (113). The nut (113) is oriented by a parallel movement, so that the nut (113) is oriented so that the angular orientation of the nut (113) is kept generally constant during a movement of the nut (113) with respect to spindle (111). In the example, the nut (113) is guided by a parallelogram guide that has pivot levers (115a, 115b) connecting the nut (113) and the link (112). Each of the levers has a pivot connection to the link and an additional pivot connection to the nut. Thus, a guide for parallel movement is provided. In the example, the parallelogram guide additionally has two levers that have pivot connections that are generally coaxial with the pivot connections of the levers (115a and 115b). Therefore, the mechanical stability of the parallelogram guide can be maximized. An additional nut may have a similar parallelogram guide as shown.
    [079] Figure 16 illustrates a triangle of force, as it may result from an operation of the drive of the spindle (110) to move the nut (113) and the spindle in one direction in relation to each other. The parallelogram guide is adapted to guide the nut (93) through a movement in a guide circle. However, in the engaged position of the nut (113) and spindle (111), the parallelogram guides the nut (93) by a movement in a guide direction (G') (which is a tangent about the guide circle in the position shown ). As described in Figure 13a, the net force (F) is generally directed perpendicular to the guiding direction (G’). Thus, force (F) cannot cause a force component in the guiding direction (G’). Consequently, this embodiment also allows to prevent the nut (113) from automatically disengaging from the spindle (111) in one direction of travel, but allows to disengage the nut (113) from the spindle (111) in the opposite direction of displacement of the spindle (111) and of the nut (113) in relation to each other.
    [080] Figure 17 illustrates a spindle drive (120) in which a lever (125) and a linear guide (126) are used in combination to provide guidance during the parallel movement of a nut (123) with respect to a spindle (121). The example operates similarly to the examples illustrated in Figures 15 and 16. The skilled person further recognizes embodiments that provide guidance of a nut and a spindle during a movement parallel to each other. Such an embodiment can be advantageous as it preferably provides a self-maintained engagement of the nut and the spindle when the spindle drive is operated in a direction of displacement of the nut and the spindle relative to each other. Additionally, such an embodiment preferably provides for automatic disengagement of the nut and the spindle when the drive of the spindle is operated in the opposite direction of displacement of the nut and the spindle relative to each other.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. DEVICE FOR DISPENSING A DENTAL MATERIAL (100), comprising at least one compartment (101) for receiving the dental material, at least one piston for extrusion of the dental material from the compartment and a spindle drive (90) for moving the piston and housing in relation to each other, whereby the spindle drive (90) comprises a spindle (91) and a link (92) which are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other, the spindle (91) and the linkage (92) are operable with respect to each other between an engaged position in which the linkage (92) and the spindle (91) are engaged with one another and an disengaged position in which the spindle (91) and the linkage (92) are disengaged from each other, wherein the spindle (91) is threaded and the linkage (92) has an engaging structure for engaging the thread of the spindle (91) wherein the linkage (92) comprises a nut (93) that carries the coupling structure, the nut (93) and the spindle (91) being movable relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the spindle (91) to operate the spindle (91) and the linkage (92) towards the engaged position or the disengaged position, characterized in that the spindle (91) is axially stationary in the device, and the linkage (92) is axially movable in the device, and wherein the piston is mechanically connected with the link (92), wherein the relative movement between the spindle (91) and the nut (93) is provided by the nut (93) which is pivotal with respect to the spindle (91) on a pivot axis extending transverse to the axis of rotation of the spindle, wherein the nut (93) is adapted so that the engagement structure is radially spaced from the pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis is disposed outside an outer perimeter or outside the effective diameter of the spindle thread (91), and wherein the hitch frame is disposed at a radius from the pivot axis, the radius being greater than the distance between the pivot axis and the outer perimeter or outside the effective diameter of the spindle thread (91).
    [0002]
    2. DEVICE according to claim 1, characterized in that the link (92) and the spindle (91) in the engaged position are rotatable with respect to each other about an axis of rotation and adapted so that a rotation causes the spindle (91) and the link (92) move relative to each other axially to the axis of rotation.
    [0003]
    3. DEVICE, according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement between the spindle (91) and the link (92) provides a displacement between the piston and the compartment for extrusion of dental material.
    [0004]
    4. DEVICE according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling structure is arranged in a section of the nut (93) that only partially surrounds the spindle (91).
    [0005]
    A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spindle (91) and the nut (93) are driven in the engaged position or in the disengaged position by a load exerted on the spring.
    [0006]
    6. DEVICE according to claim 5, characterized in that it has a cam that is operable to keep the nut (93) in the engaged position against the load exerted on the spring and to release the nut (93) so that it can be released. move towards the disengaged position by the load exerted on the spring.
    [0007]
    7. DEVICE according to claim 5, characterized in that the nut (93) is connected to an actuator that allows the movement of the nut towards the disengaged position against a load exerted on the spring.
    [0008]
    A device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has at least one piston (7) that carries the piston.
    [0009]
    A device according to claim 8, characterized in that it has two pistons (7), two compartments and two pistons (41 and 41') and, additionally, in that it is adapted to mix the components received in the compartments to form the dental material .
    [0010]
    10. DEVICE FOR DISPENSING A DENTAL MATERIAL (100), comprising at least one compartment (101) for receiving the dental material, at least one piston for extrusion of the dental material from the compartment and a spindle drive (90) for moving the piston and housing in relation to each other, whereby the spindle drive (90) comprises a threaded spindle (91) and a link (92) comprising a nut (93), wherein the threaded spindle (91) and the linkage (92) are adapted for disengageable engagement with each other, wherein the spindle (91) and the linkage (92) are operable relative to each other between an engaged position where the linkage (92) and the spindle (91) are engaged with each other and in a disengaged position wherein the spindle (91) and the linkage (92) are disengaged from each other, wherein the linkage (92) and the spindle (91) in the engaged position are rotatable with respect to one another. to the other on the axis of rotation (R) and adapted so that the rotation causes the spindle (91) and the link (92) to move in relation to They are axially to each other on the axis of rotation (R), and wherein the nut (93) is oriented by a movement parallel in the direction laterally to the axis of rotation (R) of the spindle (91), characterized by orientation at least in position. engagement of the nut (93) and the spindle (91) is provided in a guiding direction that is between a parallel direction and a perpendicular direction with respect to the axis of rotation (R) of the spindle (91) in which the guiding direction is oriented parallel to a flank angle (A) of the spindle thread, where the flank angle (A) is defined between the axis of rotation (R) and a surface of the flank of the thread in a plane aligned with the axis of rotation (R), and where the flank angle (A) is within a range of 70 to 85 degrees.
    [0011]
    11. DEVICE according to claim 10, characterized in that the link (92) and the nut (93) are oriented in the guide-direction by at least one of a linear guide and a parallelogram guide.
    [0012]
    A device according to claim 11, characterized in that the linear guide comprises a rolling guide, wherein the parallelogram guide comprises at least one lever that connects the link (92) and the nut (93) in an articulated manner.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2470110A1|2012-07-04|
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    GB0915002D0|2009-09-30|
    EP2470110B1|2017-10-04|
    US9375291B2|2016-06-28|
    EP3222244A1|2017-09-27|
    EP3222244B1|2018-07-11|
    CN102481177A|2012-05-30|
    RU2012105129A|2013-10-10|
    BR112012004219A2|2020-11-03|
    RU2509540C2|2014-03-20|
    JP2013502995A|2013-01-31|
    US20120148980A1|2012-06-14|
    JP5852571B2|2016-02-03|
    WO2011025831A1|2011-03-03|
    CN102481177B|2014-12-10|
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    法律状态:
    2020-11-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-07-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-17| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/08/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GBGB0915002.0A|GB0915002D0|2009-08-28|2009-08-28|Device for dispensing a dental material|
    GB0915002.0|2009-08-28|
    PCT/US2010/046664|WO2011025831A1|2009-08-28|2010-08-25|Device for dispensing a dental material|
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